Air or gas compressor



Dec. 13, 1927. 1,652,978

A, G. r-:NoKv

AIR 0R GAS COMPRESSOR Filed Feb, 5 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet l Dec. 13, 1927. 1,652,978

A A. G. ENocK vAIR on GAS COMPRESSOR Filed Feb.5 1926 l C 12' A- Dec. 13, 1927.

1,652,978 A. G. ENocK AIR OR GAS COMPRESSOR l Filed Feb,5 1925 s snets-sheei 5 F1 D O F H E z W C 5 A a /E1 ai. C 11 2&

. posed-in a ring or circle or in concentric cir- Patented Dec. 13,` `1927. I p

y `UNITED STATES y l i 1,652,978 PATENT `FFICE.

ARTHUREUY ENocx, oF HAILSHAM, ENGLAND, assreNon 'ro BURLEcrAs LIMITED, oF LONDON, ENGLAND.

am oa eAs COMPRESSOR.

Application led February 5, 11926, Serial No. 86,323, and in Great Britain v.April 14, 1925.

This invention relates fto sin le acting air or gas compressors constructe with one or more cylinders disposed vertically, horizontally or at van inclination thereto provided with suction delivery valves and suction exhaust passages.

According to the invention to ensure large valve areas and slight valve lifts and enable the compressor to be driven at a high speed the suction and discharge passages are fitted with a number of relatively small valves dis.-

cles or with a-single ring disc valve around each cylinder, the suction valves preferably in the end of the cylinder bod l and the delivery valves inthe cylinder/ ead, though this construction may be reversed, or both i Fig. .1.

' Fig. 2. Y

sets of valves may be in the cylinder body or both sets may be in the cylinder head.

The invention will be fully described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 vis` a side elevation, part section of la three cylinder mono-block compressor showing the invention applied thereto.

Fig. 2 is a sectional plan on line 2-2 Fig. 3 is a transverse section on line 3 3 Fig. 4 is a plan of (a three cylinder compressor with separate cylinders. y

Figs. 5 to 11 are sectional elevations of various forms of the invention.

. Fig. 12 is a side elevation of Fig. 1l.

Fig. 13 is a plan of valve seating plate H. Fig. 14 is alplan of cylinder head from below showing suction passages E and def livery passages F. .a l Fig. 15 is a sectional elevation of another disposition ofthe invention. Q

Fig. 16 is a sectional elevation of another disposition of the invention.

' The compressor may be of ordinary single acting type with one' or more cylinders either separately constructed or 'off mono-block construction and according to the invention the suction valves A` comprise a number of small valves toact simultaneously disposed I .in a circle around the cylinder and the de'- livery valves B preferably similarly comprise a number o small valves disposed in a circle concentric with the valves A though in some modiiications a single centrally placed'delivery valve B1 or suction valve A1 may be employed. The valves A and B may be ballvalves as shown or 'of any other de `3 the invention -is shown applied to a three sired shape such as thimble, mushroom, disc or rin disc. f

In t e construction shown in Figs. 1,-2 and cylinder mono-block compressor. The suction valves A are disposed in a circle around the cylinder end C and the delivery valves B are disposed in a. concentric circle in the cylin the cylinder head D disposed annularly around thev circles of valves and the passages leading therefrom may be of triangular or other shape.' The compact arrangement (see Fig. 2) of two triangular passages e and and f, the sides of the cylinders C receiving the suction and delivery gases respectively from three cylinders, is at present preferred where mono-block cylinders are used, but

'nil

separate pockets may be cast on the sides of the cylinders opposite each port with sepa-Q rate connections. The suction valves A open downward on the suction stroke the gas entering the cylinder C through the annular space or slot c between the cylinder body and the cylinder head .D and the delivery valves open upwards on the' compression vstroke of the piston. v

In the construction shown in Fig. 4 a three cylinder compressor is shown with separate cylinders C the suction 'passages and deliveryA passages being connected to pipes E1 and F1 external to the cylinders. l

In the construction. shown in Fig. 5 the suction valves A aredisposed in a .circle around the end of the cylinder C opening downwards with vseats on the underside of the cylinder head D and the delivery'valves .B lopening upwards disposed in a concentric The suction f lll) head and connected to the inlet pipe E1 and the delivery port or passage is connected to the outlet pipe F1.

The suction valves A open downwards on the suction stroke the gas entering'the cylin- .der C through the annular space or slot foreign matter.

' in the cylinder between the cylinder body and the cylinder head D, the delivery valves open on the compression stroke. Y

In the construction shown in Figr the suction valves A are annularly disposed in recesses a around the end of the body of the cylinder C as in Fig. 1;. The springs .0,1 and t e valves Ak may eachbe placed in a cup or light thimble a2 to enable the rapid removal and replacement of the spring and valve in case of their action being interferred with by Y The delivery valve B1 comprises a .single centrally disposed ball B1 held down to its seat B11 by spring b1 in the removable block B2 which is held in position by the spring b2. The suction passages E and the delivery ,passage F are formed in the cylinder head D. The suction valves A open downwards on the suction stroke the gas entering the cylinder C through the annular space or slot c between the cylinder body and the cylinder head and the delivery valve B1 opens upward on the compression stroke of the piston. Y

In the construction shown in Fig. 7 the suction valves A are disposed in a circle opening downwards itted into recesses a in the. end of the cylinder body and held against seats on the underside of the cylinder head D by springs a1. The delivery valve B5 comprises a single centrally disposed valve of hollow type provided with gas passages through it, held down to its seat by a spring. The suction passage E is formed in the cylinder head D and connects with an auxiliary suction passage E2 body and inlet pipe E connected thereto. The delivery passage F is formed in the cylinder head and connects with the outlet pipe F1. The suction valves open downward on the suctionstroke Vthe gas entering the cylinder C through the annular space or slot c between the cylinder body and the cylinder head D and the delivery valve B5 opens upward on the compression stroke.

In the construction shown in Fig. 8 the suction valves A are disposed in a circle opening upwards iitted into recesses a in the end of the cylinder body and held against seats' therein by springs a1 in Arei cesses in the cylinder head. The delivery valve B4 comprises a mushroom valve mounted in a block B1 and held to its seat by a spring b1. formed in the cylinder body and is connected with the inlet pipe E1. The delivery passage F is formed in the cylinder head D and connects with the outlet pipe F1.

'Ihe suction passage E is- The suction valves A open upwards on the suction stroke the gas entering the cylinder- C through the annular space or slot c between the cylinder body and the cylinder head and the delivery valve B4 opens upwards on the compression stroke.

In the construction shown in Fig.- 9 the delivery valves B1 are disposed in a circle opening downwards fitted into recesses a in the end of the cylinder body and held against seats by springs a3. valve A2 comprises a single centrally dis. posed valve fitted in the cylinder head D opening downward and held up to its seat by a spring at. The suction passage E is formed in the cylinder head D and the delivery passage F is formed in the cylinder body and connects with the outlet pipe F1.

The suction valve A2 opens downwards on the suction stroke delivering the gas direct into the cylinder and the delivery valves open on the compression stroke the gas being delivered through the annular space or slot c between the cylinder body and thecylinder head to the outlet pipe F1.

In the construction shown in F`g. 10 the delivery valves B7 are disposed in a circle opening upwards fitted into recesses in the cylinder head D and held against seats therein by springs b. The suction valve A? comprises a centrallyidisposed v-alve fitted in the cylinder head D and opening downwards and held up to its seat by springs at. The suction valve A8 is formed of two concentric valves, the inner seating upon the outer, and adapted to open before it; two

The suctionsprings a1 being employed for closingthe double seated` valve. 'The suction passage E is formed in the cylinder head D and also the delivery passage F. The delivery pipe F1 and the inlet pipe are connected to the cylindr head. The suction valve yA3 opens downwards on the suction stroke, delivering the gas direct into the cylinder and the delivery valves Bf open upwards on the compression stroke the gas being delivered from the cylinder -C through t e annular space or slot c between the cylinder body and the cylinder head, to the delivery passage F and outlet pipe F1.

In the construction shown in Figs. 1l .to 14 the suction valvesA are disposed inl a circle opening downwards fitted into recesses a in 'the end of the cylinder bodyl and held against their seats by springs a1. The delivery valve comprises a concentric ring ot' four ball valves B held to their seats yby springs b1 and the suction passages E and delivery passages F are formed in the cylinder head D and connect with corresponding passages inthe cylinder body to which the inlet pipe E1 and outlet pipe F1 are connected the arrangement and disposition of the valves and passages being very similar to those shown in Figs. 2 and 3. Between Vmulti-cylinder machines.

Aing in the cylinder end the body of the cylinder C and the cylinder head D a valve seating plate H is inserted in which seating valves are formed,with the object of obtaining valve where sound castings are difficult to obtain. The plate H forms the bottom of the annular suction passage E and the gas delivery passage F thus enabling the cast iron cylinder head D to be made without closed cored passages.. The valve seating plate H may be made with several sets of seatings for The partly annular suction passage E is interrupted at k where the gas delivery passage F passed across the same plane. In the arrangement shown there are two suction-passages e passing upwards through the valveseating plate H andone delivery passage f. For simplicity in machining the suction passage e and delivery passage j through the valve seating plate H are bored circular instead of being cast triangular as in Fig. 2. If the valve plate H is made or' cast metal the suction and delivery passages e and f therein may be cast triangular or of other suitable shape.

A valve seating plate such `as H may be applied. to any of the various modifications of the invention shown in the preceding figures.

In the construction shown in Fig. l5 the suction valves A5 and the delivery valves Bq are placed in the same circle around the cylinder C the suction valves in the cylinder end and the delivery valves in the cylinder head D. Both sets of valves are of the conical lift type each suction valve with vertical guide pin and each delivery valve With an internal chamber into which the guide pin of the suction valve projects. The suction valve lifts upwards against a spring which holds it to its seat and the delivery yvalve also lifts upwards and is held to its seat by a spring. The suction passages E are formed in the body of the cylinder and the delivery passages F are formed inthe cylinder head D with an auxiliary passage F2 leading to the outlet passage F1. 'Ihe gas enters the cylinder C and the compressed gas leaves the cylinder throughv the slot or space c between the cylinder body and the cylinder head through exhaust valve B1".

.In the construction shown in Fig. 16 the suction valve comprises a single ring disc valve A9 opening upwards set over-a seatand held to its seat by springs al abutting against the underside I vof the cylinder head and the delivery valves B are disposed in a circle in the cylinder head opening upwards and held against their seats by springs 1. 'i

The suction port or passages are formed in the cylinder body and thedelivery pas'- sages in the cylinder head. The gas enters the cylinders through the annular space Aor for both suction and delivery y seats in homogeneous metal .to the cost.

. sages therein,

slot c .between the cylinder body and the cylinder head.

In this construction it will be obvious that the ring disc suction valve A9 may be placed in the cylinder head and also that a similar ring disc valve may be employed for a delivery valve .the gas passages being arranged as required thereby.

A machine constructed as described can be driven at av suiiiciently high speed to be directly coupled to the shaft of an electric motor and has a minimum of clearance and a very simple arrangement of valves.4 over 1t will for thesuction valves on the underside of cylinder head. f

2. A gas or air compressor comprisin in its construction a cylinder provided wit a plurality of recesses annularly disposed around the cylinder end, a plurality of small light suction ball valves disposed therein, a cylinder headv with inlet seats for the suction `valves on the -underside of cylinder head.

and delivery air ipassages therein, and a plurality of valve Moregive a large output in proportion gas or air compressor comprising in 3. A gas or a1r compressorl comprising -1n its construction a cylinder constructed with a plurality of recesses annularly disposed around the cylinder end, a plurality of small light suction `valves disposed therein, a cylinder head with inlet and outlet air `passages therein, a plurality of valve seats on the underside of the cylinder lhead. for the suction valves, a delivery valve and seat for the deliveryl valve.

4. A gas or air compressor comprising. in its construction a cylinder constructed with a plurality of recesses annularly .disposed around the cylinder end, a plurality of small light suction ball valves disposed therein, a cylinder head with inlet and outlet air' pasa pluralityof valve seats on the underside of the'cylinder head for the suction valves, a delivery valve'and seat for the delivery valve.

5. A gas or air compressor comprising in its construction a -cylinder constructed with a plurality of recesses annularly disposed around the cylinder end, a plurality of small light suction valves disposed therein, a cylinder head with inlet and outlet air passa es therein, va plurality of valve seats on t e underside of the cylinder head for the suction valves a ring of light delivery valves in the cylinder head and valve seats therefor.

' sages therein,

6. A gas or air compressor comprising in its construction a cylinder constructed with 'a plurality of recesses annularly disposed around the cylinder end, a plurality of small light suction cylinder head with inlet and outlet air pasa plurality of valve seats on the underside of the cylinder head for the suction valves, a ring of light delivery Valves ifn the cylinder head and Valve seats there- 7. A gas or air compressor comprising in its construction a cylinder constructed with a plurality of recesses annularly disposed around the cylinder end, a plurality of small light suction ball valves disposed therein, a cylinder head With inlet and outlet air passages therein, a valve plate interposed between the cylinder body and the cylinder head, air passages therethrough, valve seats for the ball suction valves on the underside and discharge valves and-seats therefor on ball valves disposed therein, a

the .upper side of said plate, inlet passages connected with the suction air passages and discharge passages connected with the discharge Valves.

8. A gas or air compressor comprising in its construction a cylinder constructed with a plurality of recesses annularly disposed around the cylinder end, a plurality of small lightsuction ball valves disposed therein, a cylinder head with inlet and outlet air passages therein, a plurality of light ball delivery valves disposed in a circle in the cylinder head, a valve plate interposed between' the cylinder body and vided with valve seats tor both sets of valves, a passage from the suction valves between the cylinder end and Valve plate, inlet passages'to the suction valves and delivery passages from the delivery valves.

the cylinder head pro- `v In testimony whereof I have hereunto set m hand. A

y ARTHUR GUY ENOCK.` 

